Title Page

About This Document

Contents

General Model and Methods of Locating Faults

General Flow

Emergency Handling Flow

Troubleshooting Packet Services

Troubleshooting the Abnormal State of a Service Processing Board

Troubleshooting Service Interruptions

Troubleshooting Transient Service Interruptions

Troubleshooting Bit Errors

Troubleshooting Pointer Justification

Troubleshooting Protection Switching Faults

Troubleshooting the NEs Being Unreachable

Troubleshooting Orderwire Faults

Troubleshooting Service Packet Loss

Troubleshooting Device Interconnection Faults

Remote Maintenance Guide

Numerics

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