Example for Configuring Layer 3 Direct Forwarding in Inline Mode
Service Requirements
Enterprise users can access the network through WLANs, which is the basic requirement of mobile office. Furthermore, users' services are not affected during roaming in the coverage area. A VLAN pool is configured as service VLANs to prevent IP address insufficiency or waste. Furthermore, this measure can reduce the number of users in each VLAN and the size of the broadcast domain.
Networking Requirements
- AC networking mode: Layer 3 networking in inline mode
- DHCP deployment mode:
- The AC functions as a DHCP server to assign IP addresses to APs.
- The aggregation switch (SwitchB) functions as a DHCP server to assign IP addresses to STAs.
- Service data forwarding mode: direct forwarding
Data Planning
Item |
Data |
|---|---|
Management VLAN for APs |
VLAN 10 and VLAN 100 |
Service VLAN for STAs |
VLAN pool
|
DHCP server |
The AC functions as a DHCP server to assign IP addresses to APs. SwitchB functions as a DHCP server to assign IP addresses to STAs. The default gateway IP addresses of STAs are 10.23.101.2 and 10.23.102.2. |
IP address pool for APs |
10.23.10.2-10.23.10.254/24 |
IP address pool for STAs |
10.23.101.3-10.23.101.254/24 10.23.102.3-10.23.102.254/24 |
AC's source interface address |
VLANIF 100: 10.23.100.1/24 |
AP group |
|
Regulatory domain profile |
|
SSID profile |
|
Security profile |
|
VAP profile |
|
Air scan profile |
|
2G radio profile |
|
5G radio profile |
|
Configuration Roadmap
- Configure the AC, APs, and other network devices to communicate at Layer 3.
- Configure a VLAN pool for service VLANs.
- Configure the APs to go online.
- Create an AP group and add APs that require the same configuration to the group for unified configuration.
- Configure AC system parameters, including the country code and source interface used by the AC to communicate with the APs.
- Configure the AP authentication mode and import the APs offline to allow the APs to go online.
- Configure WLAN service parameters for STAs to access the WLAN.
During AP deployment, you can manually specify the working channels of the APs according to network planning or configure the radio calibration function to enable the APs to automatically select the optimal channels. This example configures the radio calibration function.
Configuration Notes
- No ACK mechanism is provided for multicast packet transmission on air interfaces. In addition, wireless links are unstable. To ensure stable transmission of multicast packets, they are usually sent at low rates. If a large number of such multicast packets are sent from the network side, the air interfaces may be congested. You are advised to configure multicast packet suppression to reduce impact of a large number of low-rate multicast packets on the wireless network. Exercise caution when configuring the rate limit; otherwise, the multicast services may be affected.
- In direct forwarding mode, you are advised to configure multicast packet suppression on switch interfaces connected to APs.
- In tunnel forwarding mode, you are advised to configure multicast packet suppression in traffic profiles of the AC.
Configure port isolation on the interfaces of the device directly connected to APs. If port isolation is not configured and direct forwarding is used, a large number of unnecessary broadcast packets may be generated in the VLAN, blocking the network and degrading user experience.
In tunnel forwarding mode, the management VLAN and service VLAN cannot be the same. Only packets from the management VLAN are transmitted between the AC and APs. Packets from the service VLAN are not allowed between the AC and APs.
Procedure
- Configure the network devices.# Add GE0/0/1 and GE0/0/2 on SwitchA to VLAN 10, VLAN 101, and VLAN 102. The default VLAN of GE0/0/1 is VLAN 10.
<HUAWEI> system-view [HUAWEI] sysname SwitchA [SwitchA] vlan batch 10 101 102 [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk pvid vlan 10 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 101 102 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port-isolate enable [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 101 102 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit
# Add GE0/0/1 on SwitchB to VLAN 10, VLAN 101, and VLAN 102, and GE0/0/2 to VLAN 100, VLAN 101, and VLAN 102. Create VLANIF 100 and set its IP address to 10.23.100.2/24.<HUAWEI> system-view [HUAWEI] sysname SwitchB [SwitchB] vlan batch 10 100 101 102 [SwitchB] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1 [SwitchB-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk [SwitchB-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 101 102 [SwitchB-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit [SwitchB] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2 [SwitchB-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk [SwitchB-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 101 102 [SwitchB-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit [SwitchB] interface vlanif 100 [SwitchB-Vlanif100] ip address 10.23.100.2 24 [SwitchB-Vlanif100] quit
# On Router, add GE1/0/0 to VLAN 101 and VLAN 102. Create VLANIF 101 and VLANIF 102, and set the IP address of VLANIF 101 to 10.23.101.2/24 and the IP address of VLANIF 102 to 10.23.102.2/24.<Huawei> system-view [Huawei] sysname Router [Router] vlan batch 101 102 [Router] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/0 [Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/0] port link-type trunk [Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/0] port trunk allow-pass vlan 101 102 [Router-GigabitEthernet1/0/0] quit [Router] interface vlanif 101 [Router-Vlanif101] ip address 10.23.101.2 24 [Router-Vlanif101] quit [Router] interface vlanif 102 [Router-Vlanif102] ip address 10.23.102.2 24 [Router-Vlanif102] quit
- Configure the AC to communicate with the network devices.# On the AC, add GE0/0/1 to VLAN 100, VLAN 101, and VLAN 102, and GE0/0/2 to VLAN 101 and VLAN 102. Create VLANIF 100.
<HUAWEI> system-view [HUAWEI] sysname AC [AC] vlan batch 100 [AC] interface vlanif 100 [AC-Vlanif100] ip address 10.23.100.1 24 [AC-Vlanif100] quit [AC] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1 [AC-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk [AC-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 101 102 [AC-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit [AC] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2 [AC-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk [AC-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 101 102 [AC-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit
# Configure a route from the AC to the APs with the next hop as SwitchB's VLANIF 100.[AC] ip route-static 10.23.10.0 24 10.23.100.2
- Configure the DHCP servers to assign IP addresses to APs and STAs.# On SwitchB, configure DHCP relay to assign IP addresses on behalf of the AC.
[SwitchB] dhcp enable [SwitchB] interface vlanif 10 [SwitchB-Vlanif10] ip address 10.23.10.1 24 [SwitchB-Vlanif10] dhcp select relay [SwitchB-Vlanif10] dhcp relay server-ip 10.23.100.1 [SwitchB-Vlanif10] quit
# On SwitchB, configure VLANIF 101 and VLANIF 102 to assign IP addresses to STAs and set the default gateways.Configure the DNS server as required. The common methods are as follows:- In interface address pool scenarios, run the dhcp server dns-list ip-address &<1-8> command in the VLANIF interface view.
- In global address pool scenarios, run the dns-list ip-address &<1-8> command in the IP address pool view.
[SwitchB] interface vlanif 101 [SwitchB-Vlanif101] ip address 10.23.101.1 24 [SwitchB-Vlanif101] dhcp select interface [SwitchB-Vlanif101] dhcp server gateway-list 10.23.101.2 [SwitchB-Vlanif101] quit [SwitchB] interface vlanif 102 [SwitchB-Vlanif102] ip address 10.23.102.1 24 [SwitchB-Vlanif102] dhcp select interface [SwitchB-Vlanif102] dhcp server gateway-list 10.23.102.2 [SwitchB-Vlanif102] quit
# On the AC, create a global IP address pool to assign IP addresses to APs.[AC] dhcp enable [AC] ip pool huawei [AC-ip-pool-huawei] network 10.23.10.0 mask 24 [AC-ip-pool-huawei] gateway-list 10.23.10.1 [AC-ip-pool-huawei] option 43 sub-option 3 ascii 10.23.100.1 [AC-ip-pool-huawei] quit [AC] interface vlanif 100 [AC-Vlanif100] dhcp select global [AC-Vlanif100] quit
- Configure a VLAN pool for service VLANs. # On the AC, create a VLAN pool, add VLAN 101 and VLAN 102 to the pool, and set the VLAN assignment algorithm to hash in the VLAN pool.
This example uses the VLAN assignment algorithm hash (default) as an example. If the default setting is not changed before, you do not need to run the assignment hash command.
In this example, only VLAN 101 and VLAN 102 are added to the VLAN pool. You can use the similar method to add multiple VLANs to a VLAN pool.
[AC] vlan batch 101 102 [AC] vlan pool sta-pool [AC-vlan-pool-sta-pool] vlan 101 102 [AC-vlan-pool-sta-pool] assignment hash [AC-vlan-pool-sta-pool] quit
- Configure an AP to go online.# Create an AP group to which the APs with the same configuration can be added.
[AC] wlan [AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit
# Create a regulatory domain profile, configure the AC country code in the profile, and apply the profile to the AP group.[AC-wlan-view] regulatory-domain-profile name default [AC-wlan-regulate-domain-default] country-code cn [AC-wlan-regulate-domain-default] quit [AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] regulatory-domain-profile default Warning: Modifying the country code will clear channel, power and antenna gain configurations of the radio and reset the AP. Continue?[Y/N]:y [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit [AC-wlan-view] quit
# Configure the AC's source interface.In V200R021C00 and later versions, when the CAPWAP source interface or source address is configured, the system checks whether security-related configurations exist, including the PSK for DTLS encryption, PSK for DTLS encryption between ACs, user name and password for logging in to the AP, and password for logging in to the global offline management VAP, the configuration can be successful only when both of them exist. Otherwise, the system prompts you to complete the configuration first.
[AC] capwap source interface vlanif 100 Set the DTLS PSK(contains 6-32 plain-text characters, or 48 or 68 cipher-text characters that must be a combination of at least two of the following: lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, digits, and special characters):****** Set the DTLS inter-controller PSK(contains 6-32 plain-text characters, or 48 or 68 cipher-text characters that must be a combination of at least two of the following: lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, digits, and special characters):****** Set the user name for FIT APs(contains 4-31 plain-text characters, which can only include letters, digits and underlines. And the first character must be a letter):admin Set the password for FIT APs(plain-text password of 8-128 characters or cipher-text password of 48-188 characters that must be a combination of at least three of the following: lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, digits, and special characters):******** Set the global temporary-management psk(contains 8-63 plain-text characters, or 48-108 cipher-text characters that must be a combination of at least two of the following: lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, digits, and special characters):********
# Import the AP offline on the AC and add the AP to AP group ap-group1. Assume that the AP's MAC address is 60de-4476-e360. Configure a name for the AP based on the AP's deployment location, so that you can know where the AP is deployed from its name. For example, name the AP area_1 if it is deployed in Area 1.The default AP authentication mode is MAC address authentication. If the default settings are retained, you do not need to run the ap auth-mode mac-auth command.
In this example, the AP5030DN is used and has two radios: radio 0 and radio 1. Radio 0 of the AP5030DN works on the 2.4 GHz frequency band and radio 1 works on the 5 GHz frequency band.
[AC] wlan [AC-wlan-view] ap auth-mode mac-auth [AC-wlan-view] ap-id 0 ap-mac 60de-4476-e360 [AC-wlan-ap-0] ap-name area_1 Warning: This operation may cause AP reset. Continue? [Y/N]:y [AC-wlan-ap-0] ap-group ap-group1 Warning: This operation may cause AP reset. If the country code changes, it will clear channel, power and antenna gain configuration s of the radio, Whether to continue? [Y/N]:y [AC-wlan-ap-0] quit
# After the AP is powered on, run the display ap all command to check the AP state. If the State field is displayed as nor, the AP goes online successfully.[AC-wlan-view] display ap all Total AP information:nor : normal [1] Extra information: P : insufficient power supply -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ID MAC Name Group IP Type State STA Uptime ExtraInfo -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 60de-4476-e360 area_1 ap-group1 10.23.10.254 AP5030DN nor 0 10S - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total: 1
- Configure WLAN service parameters.# Create security profile wlan-net and configure a security policy in the profile.
In this example, the security policy is set to WPA-WPA2+PSK+AES and the password to a1234567. In actual situations, the security policy must be configured according to service requirements.
[AC-wlan-view] security-profile name wlan-net [AC-wlan-sec-prof-wlan-net] security wpa-wpa2 psk pass-phrase a1234567 aes [AC-wlan-sec-prof-wlan-net] quit
# Create SSID profile wlan-net and set the SSID name to wlan-net.[AC-wlan-view] ssid-profile name wlan-net [AC-wlan-ssid-prof-wlan-net] ssid wlan-net [AC-wlan-ssid-prof-wlan-net] quit
# Create VAP profile wlan-net, set the data forwarding mode and service VLAN, and apply the security profile and SSID profile to the VAP profile.[AC-wlan-view] vap-profile name wlan-net [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-net] forward-mode direct-forward [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-net] service-vlan vlan-pool sta-pool [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-net] security-profile wlan-net [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-net] ssid-profile wlan-net [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-net] quit
# Bind VAP profile wlan-net to the AP group and apply the profile to radio 0 and radio 1 of the AP.[AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] vap-profile wlan-net wlan 1 radio 0 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] vap-profile wlan-net wlan 1 radio 1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit
- Set channels and power for the AP radios.# Enable automatic channel and power calibration functions of the radio.
[AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] radio 0 [AC-wlan-group-radio-ap-group1/0] calibrate auto-channel-select enable [AC-wlan-group-radio-ap-group1/0] calibrate auto-txpower-select enable [AC-wlan-group-radio-ap-group1/0] quit [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] radio 1 [AC-wlan-group-radio-ap-group1/1] calibrate auto-channel-select enable [AC-wlan-group-radio-ap-group1/1] calibrate auto-txpower-select enable [AC-wlan-group-radio-ap-group1/1] quit [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit
# Configure a calibration channel set in the regulatory domain profile.[AC-wlan-view] regulatory-domain-profile name default [AC-wlan-regulate-domain-default] dca-channel 2.4g channel-set 1,6,11 [AC-wlan-regulate-domain-default] dca-channel 5g bandwidth 20mhz [AC-wlan-regulate-domain-default] dca-channel 5g channel-set 149,153,157,161 [AC-wlan-regulate-domain-default] quit
# Create the air scan profile wlan-airscan and configure the scan channel set, scan interval, and scan duration.
[AC-wlan-view] air-scan-profile name wlan-airscan [AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] scan-channel-set dca-channel [AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] scan-period 60 [AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] scan-interval 60000 [AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] quit
# Create the 2G radio profile wlan-radio2g and bind the air scan profile wlan-airscan to the 2G radio profile.
[AC-wlan-view] radio-2g-profile name wlan-radio2g [AC-wlan-radio-2g-prof-wlan-radio2g] air-scan-profile wlan-airscan [AC-wlan-radio-2g-prof-wlan-radio2g] quit
# Create the 5G radio profile wlan-radio5g and bind the air scan profile wlan-airscan to the 5G radio profile.
[AC-wlan-view] radio-5g-profile name wlan-radio5g [AC-wlan-radio-5g-prof-wlan-radio5g] air-scan-profile wlan-airscan [AC-wlan-radio-5g-prof-wlan-radio5g] quit
# Bind the 5G radio profile wlan-radio5g and 2G radio profile wlan-radio2g to the AP group ap-group1.
[AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] radio-5g-profile wlan-radio5g radio 1 Warning: This action may cause service interruption. Continue?[Y/N]y [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] radio-2g-profile wlan-radio2g radio 0 Warning: This action may cause service interruption. Continue?[Y/N]y [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit
# Set the radio calibration mode to manual and trigger radio calibration.
[AC-wlan-view] calibrate enable manual [AC-wlan-view] calibrate manual startup
# Radio calibration stops one hour after the radio calibration is manually triggered. Set the radio calibration mode to scheduled. Configure the APs to perform radio calibration in off-peak hours, for example, between 00:00 am and 06:00 am.[AC-wlan-view] calibrate enable schedule time 03:00:00
- Verify the configuration.
The AC automatically delivers WLAN service configurations to the AP. After the service configuration is complete, run the display vap ssid wlan-net command. If Status in the command output is displayed as ON, the VAPs have been successfully created on AP radios.
[AC-wlan-view] display vap ssid wlan-net WID : WLAN ID -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- AP ID AP name RfID WID BSSID Status Auth type STA SSID -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 area_1 0 1 60DE-4476-E360 ON WPA/WPA2-PSK 0 wlan-net 0 area_1 1 1 60DE-4476-E370 ON WPA/WPA2-PSK 0 wlan-net ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total: 2
Connect STAs to the WLAN with SSID wlan-net and enter the password a1234567. Run the display station ssid wlan-net command on the AC. The command output shows that the STAs are connected to the WLAN wlan-net.
[AC-wlan-view] display station ssid wlan-net Rf/WLAN: Radio ID/WLAN ID Rx/Tx: link receive rate/link transmit rate(Mbps) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STA MAC AP ID Ap name Rf/WLAN Band Type Rx/Tx RSSI VLAN IP address --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- e019-1dc7-1e08 0 area_1 1/1 5G 11n 46/59 -68 101 10.23.101.254 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total: 1 2.4G: 0 5G: 1
Configuration Files
SwitchA configuration file
# sysname SwitchA # vlan batch 10 101 to 102 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type trunk port trunk pvid vlan 10 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 101 to 102 port-isolate enable group 1 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 101 to 102 # return
SwitchB configuration file
# sysname SwitchB # vlan batch 10 100 to 102 # dhcp enable # interface Vlanif10 ip address 10.23.10.1 255.255.255.0 dhcp select relay dhcp relay server-ip 10.23.100.1 # interface Vlanif100 ip address 10.23.100.2 255.255.255.0 # interface Vlanif101 ip address 10.23.101.1 255.255.255.0 dhcp select interface dhcp server gateway-list 10.23.101.2 # interface Vlanif102 ip address 10.23.102.1 255.255.255.0 dhcp select interface dhcp server gateway-list 10.23.102.2 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 101 to 102 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 to 102 # return
Router configuration file
# sysname Router # vlan batch 101 to 102 # interface Vlanif101 ip address 10.23.101.2 255.255.255.0 # interface Vlanif102 ip address 10.23.102.2 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 101 to 102 # return
AC configuration file
# sysname AC # vlan batch 100 to 102 # vlan pool sta-pool vlan 101 to 102 # dhcp enable # ip pool huawei gateway-list 10.23.10.1 network 10.23.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0 option 43 sub-option 3 ascii 10.23.100.1 # interface Vlanif100 ip address 10.23.100.1 255.255.255.0 dhcp select global # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 to 102 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 101 to 102 # capwap source interface vlanif100 # wlan calibrate enable schedule time 03:00:00 security-profile name wlan-net security wpa-wpa2 psk pass-phrase %^%#m"tz0f>~7.[`^6RWdzwCy16hJj/Mc!,}s`X*B]}A%^%# aes ssid-profile name wlan-net ssid wlan-net vap-profile name wlan-net service-vlan vlan-pool sta-pool ssid-profile wlan-net security-profile wlan-net regulatory-domain-profile name default dca-channel 5g channel-set 149,153,157,161 air-scan-profile name wlan-airscan scan-channel-set dca-channel radio-2g-profile name wlan-radio2g air-scan-profile wlan-airscan radio-5g-profile name wlan-radio5g air-scan-profile wlan-airscan ap-group name ap-group1 radio 0 radio-2g-profile wlan-radio2g vap-profile wlan-net wlan 1 radio 1 radio-5g-profile wlan-radio5g vap-profile wlan-net wlan 1 ap-id 0 type-id 35 ap-mac 60de-4476-e360 ap-sn 210235554710CB000042 ap-name area_1 ap-group ap-group1 # return