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配置动态负载均衡示例
配置流程
WLAN不同的特性和功能需要在不同类型的模板下进行配置和维护，这些模板统称为WLAN模板，如域管理模板、射频模板、VAP模板、AP系统模板、AP有线口模板、WIDS模板、WDS模板。当用户在配置WLAN业务功能时，需要在对应功能的WLAN模板中进行参数配置，配置完成后，须将此模板引用到AP组或AP中，配置下发到AP，进而配置的功能在AP上生效。由于模板之间是存在各相互引用关系的，因此在用户配置过程中，需要提前了解各个模板之间存在的逻辑关系。模板的逻辑关系和基本配置流程请参见WLAN业务配置流程。
组网需求
如图5-11所示，现有网络中AC连接上层网络，并通过汇聚交换机和接入交换机连接并管理AP。
当大量用户通过同一个AP接入Internet进行业务访问时，会造成AP负载过重，降低用户无线上网体验。企业希望各AP射频下的数据流量能够做到相对均衡，以避免某一个AP射频下流量过多而导致负载过重。
配置思路
采用如下的思路配置动态负载均衡：
- 配置AP、AC和上层网络设备之间实现网络互通。
- 配置AC作为DHCP服务器为STA和AP分配IP地址。
- 配置AP上线。
- 创建AP组，用于将需要进行相同配置的AP都加入到AP组，实现统一配置。
- 配置AC的系统参数，包括国家码、AC与AP之间通信的源接口。
- 配置AP上线的认证方式并离线导入AP，实现AP正常上线。
- 配置WLAN业务参数，实现STA访问WLAN网络功能。
- 配置动态负载均衡功能，避免某一个AP负载过重。
表5-5 为完成配置任务，需规划以下数据项
配置项 |
数据 |
|---|---|
| DHCP服务器 | AC作为DHCP服务器为STA和AP分配IP地址 |
| AP的IP地址池 | 10.10.10.2～10.10.10.254/24 |
| STA的IP地址池 | 10.10.11.2～10.10.11.254/24 10.10.12.2～10.10.12.254/24 |
| AC的源接口IP地址 | VLANIF100：10.10.10.1/24 |
| AP组 | 名称：guest 引用模板：VAP模板guest、域管理模板domain1 |
名称：employee 引用模板：VAP模板employee、域管理模板domain1 |
|
| 域管理模板 | 名称：domain1 国家码：CN |
| SSID模板 | 名称：guest SSID名称：guest |
名称：employee SSID名称：employee |
|
| 安全模板 | 名称：guest
|
名称：employee
|
|
| VAP模板 | 名称：guest
|
名称：employee
|
|
| 5G射频模板 |
|
| 2G射频模板 |
|
| RRM模板 |
|
配置注意事项
纯组播报文由于协议要求在无线空口没有ACK机制保障，且无线空口链路不稳定，为了纯组播报文能够稳定发送，通常会以低速报文形式发送。如果网络侧有大量异常组播流量涌入，则会造成无线空口拥堵。为了减小大量低速组播报文对无线网络造成的冲击，建议配置组播报文抑制功能。配置前请确认是否有组播业务，如果有，请谨慎配置限速值。
- 业务数据转发方式采用直接转发时，建议在直连AP的交换机接口上配置组播报文抑制。
- 业务数据转发方式采用隧道转发时，建议在AC的流量模板下配置组播报文抑制。
- 管理VLAN和业务VLAN不能配置为同一VLAN。
在配置多个VAP模板，且多个VAP模板共用同一个service-vlan的场景下，如果配置数据转发方式为tunnel模式，则需要启动service-vlan间的Proxy ARP功能。
操作步骤
- 配置AP与AC之间网络互通
# 将接口Eth2/0/0和Eth2/0/1加入VLAN100（管理VLAN）、VLAN101和VLAN102（业务VLAN）。
建议在AC连接AP的接口Eth2/0/0和Eth2/0/1上配置端口隔离，如果不配置端口隔离，可能会在VLAN内存在不必要的广播报文，或者导致不同AP间的WLAN用户二层互通的问题。
<Huawei> system-view [Huawei] sysname AC [AC] vlan batch 100 to 102 [AC] interface ethernet 2/0/0 [AC-Ethernet2/0/0] port link-type trunk [AC-Ethernet2/0/0] port trunk pvid vlan 100 [AC-Ethernet2/0/0] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 to 102 [AC-Ethernet2/0/0] port-isolate enable [AC-Ethernet2/0/0] quit [AC] interface ethernet 2/0/1 [AC-Ethernet2/0/1] port link-type trunk [AC-Ethernet2/0/1] port trunk pvid vlan 100 [AC-Ethernet2/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 to 102 [AC-Ethernet2/0/1] port-isolate enable [AC-Ethernet2/0/1] quit
- 配置AC作为DHCP服务器，为AP和STA分配IP地址
[AC] dhcp enable [AC] interface vlanif 100 [AC-Vlanif100] ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0 [AC-Vlanif100] dhcp select interface [AC-Vlanif100] quit [AC] interface vlanif 101 [AC-Vlanif101] ip address 10.10.11.1 255.255.255.0 [AC-Vlanif101] dhcp select interface [AC-Vlanif101] quit [AC] interface vlanif 102 [AC-Vlanif102] ip address 10.10.12.1 255.255.255.0 [AC-Vlanif102] dhcp select interface [AC-Vlanif102] quit
- 配置AP上线
# 创建AP组“guest”和“employee”。
[AC] wlan ac [AC-wlan-view] ap-group name guest Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment..done. [AC-wlan-ap-group-guest] quit [AC-wlan-view] ap-group name employee Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment..done. [AC-wlan-ap-group-employee] quit
# 创建域管理模板，在域管理模板下配置AC的国家码并在AP组下引用域管理模板。
[AC-wlan-view] regulatory-domain-profile name domain1 [AC-wlan-regulate-domain-domain1] country-code cn Info: The current country code is same with the input country code. [AC-wlan-regulate-domain-domain1] quit [AC-wlan-view] ap-group name guest [AC-wlan-ap-group-guest] regulatory-domain-profile domain1 Warning: Modifying the country code will clear channel, power and antenna gain configurations of the radio and reset the AP. Continu e?[Y/N]:y [AC-wlan-ap-group-guest] quit [AC-wlan-view] ap-group name employee [AC-wlan-ap-group-employee] regulatory-domain-profile domain1 Warning: Modifying the country code will clear channel, power and antenna gain configurations of the radio and reset the AP. Continu e?[Y/N]:y [AC-wlan-ap-group-employee] quit [AC-wlan-view] quit
# 配置AC的源接口。
# 在AC上离线导入AP。将部署在前台大厅的AP都加入到AP组“guest”，部署在办公区域的AP都加入到AP组“employee”，并且根据AP的部署位置为AP配置名称，便于从名称上就能够了解AP的部署位置。例如MAC地址为60de-4476-e360的AP部署在办公区域的1号房间，命名此AP为“area_1”。ap auth-mode命令缺省情况下为MAC认证，如果之前没有修改其缺省配置，可以不用执行ap auth-mode mac-auth。
[AC] wlan ac [AC-wlan-view] ap auth-mode mac-auth [AC-wlan-view] ap-id 0 ap-mac 60de-4476-e360 [AC-wlan-ap-0] ap-name area_1 [AC-wlan-ap-0] ap-group guest Warning: This operation may cause AP reset. If the country code changes, it will clear channel, power and antenna gain configuration s of the radio, Whether to continue? [Y/N]:y Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.. done. [AC-wlan-ap-0] quit [AC-wlan-view] ap-id 1 ap-mac 60de-4474-9640 [AC-wlan-ap-1] ap-name area_2 [AC-wlan-ap-1] ap-group employee Warning: This operation may cause AP reset. If the country code changes, it will clear channel, power and antenna gain configuration s of the radio, Whether to continue? [Y/N]:y Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.. done. [AC-wlan-ap-1] quit
# 将AP上电后，当执行命令display ap all查看到AP的“State”字段为“nor”时，表示AP正常上线。
[AC-wlan-view] display ap all Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done. Total AP information: nor : normal [2] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ID MAC Name Group IP Type State STA Uptime -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 60de-4476-e360 area_1 guest 10.10.10.253 AP6010DN-AGN nor 0 1M:22S 1 60de-4474-9640 area_2 employee 10.10.10.254 AP6010DN-AGN nor 0 5S -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total: 2 - 配置WLAN业务参数# 创建名为“guest”和“employee”的安全模板，并配置安全策略。
举例中以配置WEP-40和WPA2+PSK+AES的安全策略为例，密码分别为“a1234”和“b1234567”，实际配置中请根据实际情况，配置符合实际要求的安全策略。
[AC-wlan-view] security-profile name guest [AC-wlan-sec-prof-guest] security wep share-key [AC-wlan-sec-prof-guest] wep key 0 wep-40 pass-phrase a1234 Warning: This action may cause service interruption. Continue?[Y/N]y Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait.done. [AC-wlan-sec-prof-guest]wep default-key 0 Warning: This action may cause service interruption. Continue?[Y/N]y Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait.done. [AC-wlan-sec-prof-guest] quit [AC-wlan-view] security-profile name employee [AC-wlan-sec-prof-employee] security wpa2 psk pass-phrase b1234567 aes [AC-wlan-sec-prof-employee] quit
# 创建名为“guest”和“employee”的SSID模板，并分别配置SSID名称为“guest”和“employee”。
[AC-wlan-view] ssid-profile name guest [AC-wlan-ssid-prof-guest] ssid guest Warning: This action may cause service interruption. Continue?[Y/N]y Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait.done. [AC-wlan-ssid-prof-guest] quit [AC-wlan-view] ssid-profile name employee [AC-wlan-ssid-prof-employee] ssid employee Warning: This action may cause service interruption. Continue?[Y/N]y Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait.done. [AC-wlan-ssid-prof-employee] quit
# 创建名为“guest”和“employee”的VAP模板，配置业务VLAN，并且引用安全模板和SSID模板。
[AC-wlan-view] vap-profile name guest [AC-wlan-vap-prof-guest] service-vlan vlan-id 101 Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait.done. [AC-wlan-vap-prof-guest] security-profile guest Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait..done. [AC-wlan-vap-prof-guest] ssid-profile guest Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait..done. [AC-wlan-vap-prof-guest] quit [AC-wlan-view] vap-profile name employee [AC-wlan-vap-prof-employee] service-vlan vlan-id 102 Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait.done. [AC-wlan-vap-prof-employee] security-profile employee Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait..done. [AC-wlan-vap-prof-employee] ssid-profile employee Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait..done. [AC-wlan-vap-prof-employee] quit
# 配置AP组引用VAP模板，AP上射频都使用VAP模板的配置。
[AC-wlan-view] ap-group name guest [AC-wlan-ap-group-guest] vap-profile guest wlan 1 radio all Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait..done. [AC-wlan-ap-group-guest] quit [AC-wlan-view] ap-group name employee [AC-wlan-ap-group-employee] vap-profile employee wlan 1 radio all Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait..done. [AC-wlan-ap-group-employee] quit
- 配置动态负载均衡功能
# 创建RRM模板“loadbalance-dynamic”，在RRM模板“loadbalance-dynamic”使能动态负载均衡功能，并指定动态负载均衡的起始门限为15个，差值门限为25%。
[AC-wlan-view] rrm-profile name loadbalance-dynamic [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-loadbalance-dynamic] sta-load-balance dynamic enable [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-loadbalance-dynamic] sta-load-balance dynamic start-threshold 15 [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-loadbalance-dynamic] sta-load-balance dynamic gap-threshold 25 [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-loadbalance-dynamic] quit
# 创建2G射频模板“radio2g”，并在该模板下引用RRM模板“loadbalance-dynamic”。
[AC-wlan-view] radio-2g-profile name radio2g [AC-wlan-radio-2g-prof-radio2g] rrm-profile loadbalance-dynamic [AC-wlan-radio-2g-prof-radio2g] quit
# 创建5G射频模板“radio5g”，并在该模板下引用RRM模板“loadbalance-dynamic”。
[AC-wlan-view] radio-5g-profile name radio5g [AC-wlan-radio-5g-prof-radio5g] rrm-profile loadbalance-dynamic [AC-wlan-radio-5g-prof-radio5g] quit
# 在名为“guest”的AP组下引用5G射频模板“radio5g”和2G射频模板“radio2g”。
[AC-wlan-view] ap-group name guest [AC-wlan-ap-group-guest] radio-5g-profile radio5g radio all Warning: This action may cause service interruption. Continue?[Y/N]y [AC-wlan-ap-group-guest] radio-2g-profile radio2g radio all Warning: This action may cause service interruption. Continue?[Y/N]y [AC-wlan-ap-group-guest] quit
# 在名为“employee”的AP组下引用5G射频模板“radio5g”和2G射频模板“radio2g”。
[AC-wlan-view] ap-group name employee [AC-wlan-ap-group-employee] radio-5g-profile radio5g radio all Warning: This action may cause service interruption. Continue?[Y/N]y [AC-wlan-ap-group-employee] radio-2g-profile radio2g radio all Warning: This action may cause service interruption. Continue?[Y/N]y [AC-wlan-ap-group-employee] quit
# 提交配置。
[AC-wlan-view] commit all Warning: Committing configuration may cause service interruption, continue?[Y/N]:y
- 验证配置结果
# STA搜索到名为“guest”的无线网络，输入密码“a1234”并正常关联后，在AC上执行命令display station ssid guest，可以查看到用户已经接入到无线网络“guest”中。
[AC-wlan-view] display station ssid guest Rf/WLAN: Radio ID/WLAN ID Rx/Tx: link receive rate/link transmit rate(Mbps) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ STA MAC AP ID Ap name Rf/WLAN Band Type Rx/Tx RSSI VLAN IP address ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ a81b-5a06-dc1e 0 area_1 0/1 2.4G 11g 7/44 -50 101 10.10.11.253 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total: 1 2.4G: 1 5G: 0
# STA搜索到名为“employee”的无线网络，输入密码“b1234567”并正常关联后，在AC上执行命令display station ssid employee，可以查看到用户已经接入到无线网络“employee”中。
[AC-wlan-view] display station ssid employee Rf/WLAN: Radio ID/WLAN ID Rx/Tx: link receive rate/link transmit rate(Mbps) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ STA MAC AP ID Ap name Rf/WLAN Band Type Rx/Tx RSSI VLAN IP address ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ cc3a-61cf-6344 1 area_2 0/1 2.4G 11n 36/56 -44 102 10.10.12.254 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total: 1 2.4G: 1 5G: 0
# 在AC上执行命令display rrm-profile name loadbalance-dynamic，可以查看到动态负载均衡的配置。
[AC-wlan-view] display rrm-profile name loadbalance-dynamic ------------------------------------------------------------ Auto channel select : enable Auto transmit power select : enable PER threshold for trigger channel/power select(%) : 60 Airtime fairness schedule : disable Dynamic adjust EDCA parameter : disable Band steer deny threshold : 2 Band balance start threshold : 10 Band balance gap threshold(%) : 20 Client's band expire based on continuous probe counts : 35 Station load balance : enable Station load balance start threshold : 15 Station load balance gap threshold(%) : 25 Station load balance deny threshold : 3 ------------------------------------------------------------
# 在AC上执行命令display station load-balance sta-mac cc3a-61cf-6344查看参与动态负载均衡的AP射频。
[AC-wlan-view] display station load-balance sta-mac cc3a-61cf-6344 Station load balance status: balance ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ AP name Radio ID ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ area_2 0 area_1 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total: 2
# 新用户想连接到AP area_1时，AC会根据AP的上报情况执行动态负载均衡算法，让新用户接入负载相对较小的AP。
配置文件
AC的配置文件
# sysname AC # vlan batch 100 to 102 # dhcp enable # interface Vlanif100 ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0 dhcp select interface # interface Vlanif101 ip address 10.10.11.1 255.255.255.0 dhcp select interface # interface Vlanif102 ip address 10.10.12.1 255.255.255.0 dhcp select interface # interface Ethernet2/0/0 port link-type trunk port trunk pvid vlan 100 port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 to 102 port-isolate enable group 1 # interface Ethernet2/0/1 port link-type trunk port trunk pvid vlan 100 port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 to 102 port-isolate enable group 1 # capwap source interface vlanif100 # wlan ac security-profile name guest security wep share-key wep key 0 wep-40 pass-phrase %^%#z*z]6]#!|%n:n}Xz'mhKE{PfN|cIj*eU$jJYH48S%^%# security-profile name employee security wpa2 psk pass-phrase %^%#H{1<-b]4~"*+Y:4-'/URy;$+,33UgQf)@9I(Yl]V%^%# aes ssid-profile name guest ssid guest ssid-profile name employee ssid employee vap-profile name guest service-vlan vlan-id 101 ssid-profile guest security-profile guest vap-profile name employee service-vlan vlan-id 102 ssid-profile employee security-profile employee regulatory-domain-profile name domain1 rrm-profile name loadbalance-dynamic sta-load-balance dynamic enable sta-load-balance dynamic start-threshold 15 sta-load-balance dynamic gap-threshold 25 radio-2g-profile name radio2g rrm-profile loadbalance-dynamic radio-5g-profile name radio5g rrm-profile loadbalance-dynamic ap-group name guest regulatory-domain-profile domain1 radio 0 radio-2g-profile radio2g radio-5g-profile radio5g vap-profile guest wlan 1 radio 1 radio-5g-profile radio5g vap-profile guest wlan 1 radio 2 radio-2g-profile radio2g radio-5g-profile radio5g vap-profile guest wlan 1 ap-group name employee regulatory-domain-profile domain1 radio 0 radio-2g-profile radio2g radio-5g-profile radio5g vap-profile employee wlan 1 radio 1 radio-5g-profile radio5g vap-profile employee wlan 1 radio 2 radio-2g-profile radio2g radio-5g-profile radio5g vap-profile employee wlan 1 ap-id 0 type-id 19 ap-mac 60de-4476-e360 ap-sn 210235554710CB000042 ap-name area_1 ap-group guest ap-id 1 type-id 19 ap-mac 60de-4474-9640 ap-sn 210235554710CB000075 ap-name area_2 ap-group employee # return
